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KMID : 0379119910190020000
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Korean Journal of Mycology
1991 Volume.19 No. 2 p.0 ~ p.0
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A Virus Disease of Oyster Mushroom , Pleurotus florida , its characterization , transmission , symptom and effects on host
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Go Seung-Joo
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Abstract
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Virus-like particles were isolated from the abnormally growing culture of oyster mushroom. The virus-like particles were spherical type with 30 ㎚ from P. Florida and 23 ㎚ from P. ostreatus in diameter, respectively. The virus particles were present throughout the tissue of mycelia and spororasps. Double-stranded ribonucelic acid (ds RNA) was isolated from virus infested with P. florida as well from virus particles, but not from virus free culture. Ds RNA consisted of six segments sized 8100, 2170, 2120, 1980, 1840 and 1650 base pairs, respectively. Using the ds RNA analysis methods, the viral ds RNA segments were found from two Japanese and three European cultures, while local isolates and Korean leading cultures stored at the ASI did not contain ds RNA segment.
On poplar sawdust and rice straw substrates, mycelia infected with virus grew slowly as compared to the virus free one. The yield of fruiting body infected with virus was about 30% lower than that of virus free one when they were grown on rice straw substrate. Fruiting was delayed in the mycelia infected not as infected, with compared with not free. Virus infected mycelia produced bent, thin and long stipe with the small capped fruiting body. The colour of cap infected culture was a little darker than healthy one. Branehing stipe occurred in the virus infected mycelia.
The optimal growing temperature and pH of growing medium for mycelial growth of infected culture was 30℃ and around 5, respectively. It was similar to those of virus free culture. Among carbon sources used, glucose, and starch were favorable for virus free culture, while mannose was favorable for infected culture. In comparison of effects of nitrogen sources on mycelial growth virus infected and virus free cultures, arginine was the most favorable source and followed by septone and asparagine. But sulphur containing amino acids and acidic amino acids were not favorable. Cell wall composition of the virus infected mycelim of P. florida was weaker to lytic enzyme than that of virus free culture. The quantities of glucose and sucrose were higher in virus infected culture than those in virus free culture. Amino acid compositions of the infected culture were similar to those of healthy one.
Viral ds RNA were transferred through mycelial anastomosis from the diseased culture to the healthy one in dikaryon. Growing characters of healthy culture after anastomosis with infected mycelia were changed like those of virus infected culture. Transmission of the dikaryon culture through mycelial anastomosis or dipping into extractions of infected culture was achieved only between intrastrains. The spores of virus infected culture contained ds RNA. The viral ds RNA segements of single spore were transferred by mating in both compatible and incompatible cultures between intrastrains.
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KEYWORD
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